The thermal properties of bone and the effects of surgical intervention

Much is written about the mechanical properties of bone; we are aware of how bone responds to different modes and degrees of stress and can use this knowledge to influence the mechanical environment around bones and joints for therapeutic effect. The thermal properties of bone are less well documented, yet all orthopaedic interventions produce significant thermal effects. This paper explains basic material thermodynamics and how this relates to bone and impacts on an orthopaedic surgeon's practice.