Orthopaedics and Trauma
Volume 23, Issue 3 , Pages 175-179, June 2009

Biofilm and orthopaedic practice: the world of microbes in a world of implants

Spyridon P Galanakos MD is a Resident in Orthopaedics at Fourth Orthopaedic Department, General Hospital of Athens “KAT”, Kifissia, Greece

Stamatios A Papadakis MD is a Consultant in Orthopaedics at Fourth Orthopaedic Department, General Hospital of Athens “KAT”, Kifissia, Greece

Konstantinos Kateros MD is a Consultant in Orthopaedics at Second Orthopaedic Department, Medical School, University of Athens, Konstantopoulion Hospital, Greece

Ioannis Papakostas MD, MSc, PhD is a Consultant in Orthopaedics at Orthopaedic Department, General Hospital of Thiva, Greece

George Macheras MD is a Head of Department at Fourth Orthopaedic Department, General Hospital of Athens “KAT”, Kifissia, Greece

Abstract 

Biofilms are complex communities of surface-attached micro-organisms made up of single or multiple species. They grow in three stages, attachment of bacteria to the substratum followed by bacterial growth and division and then colonization of the surrounding area and the formation of the biofilm. While the basic mechanisms of biofilm-associated antimicrobial resistance are understood, research continues into biofilm- associated antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, biofilm, colonization, community, formation

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PII: S1877-1327(09)00020-7

doi:10.1016/j.mporth.2009.02.002

Orthopaedics and Trauma
Volume 23, Issue 3 , Pages 175-179, June 2009

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